> ## Content Index
> Fetch the complete content index at: https://linuxhandbook.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover other available public pages before exploring further.

# A to Z Linux Commands
- URL: https://linuxhandbook.com/a-to-z-linux-commands/
- Published: 2022-02-01T14:01:42.000Z
- Updated: 2022-10-29T05:27:56.000Z
- Description: All the Linux commands that have been covered on LHB organized in alphabetical order.
- Author: Abhishek Prakash
- Tags: Resources

There are numerous Linux commands out there. There are a subset of built-in shell commands like cd and then there are the ones from GNU coreutils like less. In addition to that there are additional CLI utilities like curl, wget etc.

On Linux Handbook, we have covered over 80 Linux commands with practical examples. This is a collection of all the Linux commands we have covered so far. 

The commands have been organized in alphabetical order so that it is easy for you to find the commands from the index.

## A

### alias

The [alias command](https://linuxhandbook.com/linux-alias-command/) is simply a way to reference another command. It can be used to avoid repetitive long typing of commands and shell lines and simplify work.

[Linux Alias Command: Set, Create and Remove AliasesAlias command in Linux saves a lot of your time and improves your efficiency. Learn how to use this command properly and see some of the common aliases I use.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookHelder![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/alias-command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/linux-alias-command/)

### at

The at command in Linux is used to schedule jobs that do not run on a regular schedule.

[Schedule Jobs in Linux With ‘at’ CommandThe at command in Linux can be used to schedule jobs that do not run on a regular schedule. Learn how to use the at command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/at_command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/at-command/)

### awk

The [AWK command](https://linuxhandbook.com/awk-command-tutorial/) dates back to the early Unix days. Long back before Perl or Python came into existence, AWK was used in scripts for manipulating text. You can use it for writing relatively complex programs, but also because of the powerful one-liners you can write to solve issues with your data files.

[AWK Tutorial: 25 Practical Examples of AWK Command in LinuxWondering how to use AWK command in Linux? Here are 25 AWK command examples with proper explanation that will help you master the basics of AWK.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/07/awk-command-tutorial-featured-1.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/awk-command-tutorial/)

## B

### basename

The [basename command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/basename/) prints the final component in a file path. This is particularly helpful in bash scripts where you want to extract the file name from the long file path.

[Using Linux Basename Command in Bash Scripts \[Examples\]The basename command in Linux prints the final component in a file path. Learn some practical examples of using basename command in bash scripts.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/basename-command-linux.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/basename/)

## C

### cal

Unix-like systems provide a handful of tools for dealing with dates and times. [Cal](https://linuxhandbook.com/cal-command/) is one such command that enables you to view calendar in the command line.

[5 Examples of Cal Command in LinuxThis quick tutorial shows you how to display calendar in Linux with cal command and some common examples of this command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/cal-linux-command.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/cal-command/)

### cat

[cat](https://linuxhandbook.com/cat-command/) is one of the most used commands in Linux. Intended for concatenating text, it is mainly used for displaying the contents of text files.

[Cat Command in Linux: Essential and Advanced Examplescat is one of the most used commands in Linux but do you really know the cat command? Learn the basics as well as advanced examples of cat command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/cat-command-linux.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/cat-command/)

### cd

The [cd command](https://linuxhandbook.com/cd-command-examples/) is used to navigate between [directories in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/linux-directory-structure/). It stands for ‘change directory’.

[cd Command in Linux: 7 Practical ExamplesLearn to use cd command to its full potential in Linux with these practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/learn-linux-commands-1.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/cd-command-examples/)

### chgrp

[chgrp command](https://linuxhandbook.com/chgrp-command/) is used for changing the group of a file or directory in Linux.

[5 Practical Examples of chgrp command in Linuxchgrp command is used for changing the group of a file or directory in Linux. This guide shows you how to use chgrp command in Linux with practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/chgrp-command-examples.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/chgrp-command/)

### chmod

[chmod](https://linuxhandbook.com/chmod-command/) stands for change mode. This command is used for changing the mode of access, i.e. the [file permissions in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/linux-file-permissions/).

[chmod 777 or 755? Learn to use chmod Command with ExamplesThis article will teach you how to change permissions in Linux with practical examples of chmod command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookEric Simard![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/learn-linux-commands-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/chmod-command/)

### chown

The [chown command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/chown-command/) enables you to change the user and group ownership of a file or directory.

[How to Use chown Command in Linux \[6 Essential Examples\]The chown command in Linux enables you to change the user and group ownership of a file or directory. Learn to use chown with some practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/chown-command.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/chown-command/)

### cp

One of the commands that you must know in Linux is cp. It’s often called the copy command in Linux and it is actually short for copy and it does exactly as it name suggests: it copies.

[Copy Command in Linux: 7 Practical Examplescp command in Linux is used for copying files and directories. In this tutorial, you’ll learn some of the essential usages of the cp command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/linux-cp-command-examples.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/cp-command/)

### cron

The [crontab](https://linuxhandbook.com/crontab/) is used to automate all types of tasks on Linux systems. This is an especially important skill for aspiring system administrators to learn.

[Crontab Explained in Linux \[With Examples\]Learn the concept of crontab in Linux. See how you can set up cron jobs to automatically run scripts and command at predefined time.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/crontab-explanation-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/crontab/)

### curl

CURL is a tool for data transfer. The most popular use case for [curl command](https://linuxhandbook.com/curl-command-examples/) is to download files from the web in Linux terminal.

[Curl Command in Linux \[21 Practical Examples\]Learn some essential and some pro tips and tricks about using the Curl command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux Handbookseeni![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/curl-command-examples.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/curl-command-examples/)

### cut

The [cut command](https://linuxhandbook.com/cut-command/) is the canonical tool to remove “columns” from a text file. In this context, a “column” can be defined as a range of characters or bytes identified by their physical position on the line, or a range of fields delimited by a separator.

[4 Essential and Practical Usage of Cut Command in LinuxThe cut command in Linux allows removing data on each line of a file. Read this tutorial to know how to use it effectively to process text or CSV data file.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/07/cut-command-linux.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/cut-command/)

## D

### date

The [date command](https://linuxhandbook.com/date-command/) gives you the current date and time of you Linux system. But it can do a lot more than that.

[7 Examples of Date Command in LinuxThe date command gives you the current date and time of you Linux system. But it can do a lot more than that. Check out these practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAnkush Das![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/date_command_linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/date-command/)

### dd

The [dd command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/dd-command/) is a powerful utility for copying and converting files. Its most popular use case is creating live Linux USB using Linux command line.

[dd Command in Linux: 5 Real World Examples ExplainedThe dd command in Linux is a powerful utility for copying and converting files. This detailed article explains some of the practical examples of the dd command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/dd_command.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/dd-command/)

### df

The [df command](https://linuxhandbook.com/df-command/) is used for checking disk space in Linux.

[Check Linux Disk Space with df Command \[Useful Examples\]The df command is used for checking disk space in Linux. Learn some of the most common usage of the df command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookHelder![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/df-command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/df-command/)

### diff

When you need to compare two files containing similar text in Linux, [using the diff command](https://linuxhandbook.com/diff-command/) can make your task much easier. The command compares two files to suggest changes that would make the files identical. Great for finding that extra curly brace that broke your newly updated code.

[How to Use the Diff Command in Linux \[Output Explained\]The diff command is excellent for comparing two files in Linux terminal. But its output could see super complicated. We uncomplicate the things by explaining the diff command output.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/diff_command_linux.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/diff-command/)

### dig

[Dig command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/dig-command/) is commonly used for retrieving the DNS information of a remote server.

[Dig Command in Linux ExplainedDig command in Linux is commonly used for retrieving the DNS information of a remote server. Learn how to use the dig command and understand its output.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookHelder![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/dig-command.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/dig-command/)

### dirname

The [dirname command](https://linuxhandbook.com/dirname/) in Linux prints a file path with its final component removed. This basically gives you the directory path from the file path.

[Using Linux Dirname Command in Bash Scripts \[Examples\]The dirname command in Linux extracts the directory path from a file path. Learn some practical examples of using dirname command in bash scripts.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/dirname-command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/dirname/)

### du

Knowing the size of a file is easy in Linux but it won't show the size of directories. The [du command](https://linuxhandbook.com/find-directory-size-du-command/) is used for checking the size of directory.

[How to Find Size of Directory with du Command in LinuxThe du command in Linux is used for checking the size of directory. Here are various ways you can find the size of directory in Linux with the du command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/du-command-linux-featured.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/find-directory-size-du-command/)

## E

### echo

The [echo command](https://linuxhandbook.com/echo-command/) is perhaps one of the first few commands you see when you start learning Linux commands or bash shell scripting. It is a simple command that simply prints its arguments on the display.

[echo Command in Linux \[7 Practical Examples\]Learn to use the echo command in Linux with these simple but useful examples. The echo command is useful for displaying information in bash shell scripts.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/echo-commandd.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/echo-command/)

### emacs

There are many text-based editors in Linux. GNU Emacs is one of the oldest and powerful editor that has a steep learning curve.

[Basic Emacs Command Explained in DetailStruggling with Emacs? This detailed guide gives you enough information about Emacs commands so that you can start using Emacs editor smoothly.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookEric Simard![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/emacs-featured-image.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/basic-emacs-guide/)

### expand

This is a rather less known and less used command with the main use case being the ability to convert tabs into spaces.

[How to Convert Tabs to Spaces in Linux With Expand CommandThis tutorial teaches you to convert the tabs into spaces in Linux command line from the programming perspective.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/convert-tabs-into-spaces.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/convert-tabs-spaces/)

## F

### file

The [file command](https://linuxhandbook.com/file-command/) gives you various information about a file in Linux. This includes the type of file, MIME type etc.

[File Command in Linux: 5 Essential ExamplesHere are various examples of the file command in Linux to determine the actual type of file and gather related information.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/File-Command-Linux.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/file-command/)

### find

One of the frequent used commands. The [find command](https://linuxhandbook.com/find-command-examples/) can be used to looks for files based on their name, type, modification time and more. Combine it with the likes of exec or [xargs command](https://linuxhandbook.com/xargs-command/) and you have a powerful tool at your hand for searching and modifying files.

[15 Super Useful Examples of Find Command in LinuxLearn the super powerful and super useful find command with these practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/10/Find-Command-examples.webp)](https://linuxhandbook.com/find-command-examples/)

### findmnt

Another lesser know command which is used for checking if a file system is mounted.

[Findmnt - Better Way of Finding Mounted Filesystems on LinuxLearn to use findmnt instead of mount for a more robust and customizable listing of mounted file systems.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookEric Simard![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Learn-Linux-Handbook-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/findmnt-command-guide/)

### fmt and fold

Both of these commands are used for formatting text so the lines will fit in the available space on the target device.

[Format Text in Linux Terminal With Fold and FMT CommandsFormatting text so the lines will fit in the available space on the target device are not that easy when it comes to the terminal. Instead of breaking lines by hand you can use the POSIX fold utility and the GNU/BSD fmt command to reflow a text so lines will not exceed a given length.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/fold-fmt-commands.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/fold-fmt-commands/)

### free

If you would like to know the detailed information about the memory availability on your Linux system, the [free command](https://linuxhandbook.com/free-command/) is a simple utility that makes it easy to find real time results for a variety of use cases.

[Free Command in Linux: Explained With ExamplesIf you would like to know the detailed information about the memory availability on your Linux system, the free command is a simple utility that makes it easy to find real time results for a variety of use cases.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/free-command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/free-command/)

### fsck

The [fsck](https://linuxhandbook.com/fsck-command/) (file system check) command helps with a potentially corrupted filesystem. This utility is used for checking and (optionally) repairing the file system.

[Check and Repair Filesystem Errors With fsck Command in LinuxLinux systems come with a command line utility fsck to check for file system errors. Learn how to use it.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/08/fsck-command.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/fsck-command/)

## G

### grep

Find command works on file name. The [grep command](https://linuxhandbook.com/grep-command-examples/) is used to find patterns inside file content.

[10 Practical Grep Command Examples for DevelopersThe grep command is used to find patterns in files. This tutorial shows some of the most common grep command examples that would be specifically beneficial for software developers.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/07/grep-command-examples-768x432.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/grep-command-examples/)

### groupadd

The groupadd command in Linux creates new groups

[How to Create Groups in Linux With Groupadd CommandThe groupadd command in Linux creates new groups. Learn how to use groupadd command to add new groups in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Groupadd-Command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/groupadd-command/)

### groupdel

The groupdel command is perhaps the simplest command in Linux with virtually no options. It is used for deleting an existing group.

[How to Delete Groups in Linux With groupdel CommandLearn how to delete a group in Linux using groupdel command. Also learn what to do with files owned by the deleted groups.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Groupdel-Command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/groupdel-command/)

### groupmod

You can modify group properties like group name and group ID with the [groupmod command](https://linuxhandbook.com/groupmod-command/) in Linux.

[Modify Groups in Linux With groupmod CommandLearn how to modify group properties like group name and group ID with the groupmod command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Groupmod-Command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/groupmod-command/)

### groups

This command helps you find the groups a Linux user belongs to in Linux command line.

[How to Know The Groups of a Linux UserThis quick tip teaches you how to find the groups a Linux user belongs to in Linux command line.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/how-to-find-group-of-a-linux-user-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/check-group-of-user/)

## H

### head

You can use the [head command](https://linuxhandbook.com/head-command/) to print a specified number of lines from the beginning of the file.

[Head Command in Linux \[5 Essential Examples\]In this article, you will learn some essential examples of the head command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/head-command-linux.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/head-command/)

### history 

Everything you type in the terminal is stored in the shell history. This aspect can be displayed and controlled through the history command.

[Using History Command in Linux \[Beginner’s Guide\]Everything you type in the terminal is stored in the shell history. Learn how to use command history in Linux in this introduction to history command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/history-command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/history-command/)

## I

### id

Every user in Linux has a unique, numeric user ID and a default group with a unique numeric group ID. The [id command](https://linuxhandbook.com/id-command/) prints this information.

[id Command in Linux: 5 Practical ExamplesEvery user in Linux has a unique, numeric user ID and a default group with a unique numeric group ID. The id command prints this information.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/07/ID-Command.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/id-command/)

## J

### jobs

The [jobs command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/jobs-command/) allows the user to directly interact with processes in the current shell.

[How to Use Jobs Command in LinuxThe jobs command in Linux allows the user to directly interact with processes in the current shell. Here’s how to use it.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Managing_Jobs_in_Linux-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/jobs-command/)

## L

### less

Less is an awesome Linux command utility for viewing text files.

[9 Practical Example of Less Command in LinuxLess is an awesome Linux command utility for viewing text files. Here are some essential less command examples to use it effectively.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/less-command-examples-linux-featured-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/less-command/)

### ln

The [ln command](https://linuxhandbook.com/ln-command/) allows you to create both soft and [hard links in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/hard-link/).

[How to Use ln Command in Linux for Creating Soft & Hard LinksLinks are one of the essential part of the Linux filesystem. Learn how to create links using ln command in this tutorial.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/07/ln-command-soft-link-hard-link-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/ln-command/)

### locate

The [locate command](https://linuxhandbook.com/locate-command/) allows you to preform a super quick search for files.

[Quickly Find Files in Linux With Locate CommandThe locate command allows you to preform a super quick search for files. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how locate command works and how to use it.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/find-files-with-locate-command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/locate-command/)

### ls

The ls command in Linux is one of the most used commands. It is used for listing the contents of a directory.

[ls Command in Linux: 17 Useful Examples ExplainedThe ls command in Linux is one of the most used commands. But most people don’t utilize its full potential. Check out the basics as well as advanced ls command examples in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/ls-command-examples.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/ls-command/)

### lsof

You can list opened files by a user or a process by using the [lsof command](https://linuxhandbook.com/lsof-command/) in Linux.

[lsof Command in Linux: 7 Practical ExamplesThis article teaches you how to list opened files by a user or a process by using the lsof command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/lsof-Command.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/lsof-command/)

## M

### mkdir

The [mkdir command](https://linuxhandbook.com/mkdir-command/) allows you to make new directories (folders in common term) in Linux.

[mkdir command: Create New Directories in Linuxmkdir is one of the essential Linux commands that every Linux user should know. You can create new directories using mkdir.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/mkdir-command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/mkdir-command/)

### mkfs

[mkfs](https://linuxhandbook.com/mkfs-command/) is the command line tool in Linux to format a disk or partition in a certain filesystem of your choice.

[Using mkfs command in Linux to Format the Filesystem on a Disk or Partitionmkfs is the command line tool in Linux to format a disk or partition in a certain filesystem of your choice.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/07/mkfs-command.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/mkfs-command/)

### more

The [more command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/more-command/) opens a text file in page views. It's predecessor to the less command and not used a lot these days.

[How to Use More Command in Linux to Read Large Text FilesCat command output flooding your terminal screen? Learn to use more command in Linux to view large text files.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/More-Command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/more-command/)

### mv

[mv command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/mv-command/) is used for moving and renaming files and directories.

[mv Command Examples in Linux: Move Files and Directoriesmv command in Linux is used for moving and renaming files and directories. In this tutorial, you’ll learn some of the essential usages of the mv command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/learn-linux-command-line-3.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/mv-command/)

## N

### nc (netcat)

The core functionality of Netcat is allowing two computers to connect and share resources. It is a powerful and versatile network tool that is available for Linux, Mac, and Windows machines.

[nc Command in Linux: 5 Practical ExamplesHere are some practical examples you can follow to learn how the netcat command is used in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Netcat_Command.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/nc-command/)

### nohup

[Nohup command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/nohup-command/) enables you to run commands even after logging out.

[Keep Commands Running After SSH Log Out With Nohup Linux CommandThis article will show you how you can start a process and keep it running even after you have logged out using the nohup command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookEric Simard![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/nohup-command-featured.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/nohup-command/)

### nslookup

[nslookup](https://linuxhandbook.com/nslookup-command/) is one of the popular networking commands in Linux used for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) records.

[nslookup Command in Linux: 7 Practical Examplesnslookup is one of the popular networking commands in Linux used for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) records. Learn how to use nslookup command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/nslookup-command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/nslookup-command/)

## P

### passwd

The [passwd command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/passwd-command/) allows you to change user password, lock accounts, expire passwords and more.

[Passwd command in Linux: 8 Practical ExamplesThe passwd command in Linux allows you to change user password, lock accounts, expire passwords and more. Learn how to use the passwd command with practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/passwd-command-2.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/passwd-command/)

### paste

The [paste command](https://linuxhandbook.com/paste-command/) merges several input files to produce a new delimited text file from them.

[7 Essential and Practical Usage of Paste Command in LinuxLearn how to use the paste utility on practical examples to merge text files, and discover a couple of tricks and pitfalls of that command at the same time.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/paste-command-linux-1.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/paste-command/)

### ping

Ping is mainly used to check if a remote host is reachable or not.

[Linux Ping Command: 7 Practical ExamplesHere are some of the most common usages of ping command in Linux along with their explanation.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/linux-ping-command.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/ping-command/)

### printf

You may print simple outputs with echo command but that's not enough for complicated formatted outputs. printf allows a C styled formating of the output.

[Bash printf Command Examples \[Better Than Echo\]You may print simple outputs with echo command but that’s not enough for complicated formatted outputs.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/11/printf-command-in-bash.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/bash-printf/)

### ps

The [ps command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/ps-command/) is used for getting information about running processes.

[Essential Examples of the ps Command in LinuxThe ps command in Linux is used for getting information about running processes. Here are some useful examples of the complicated and extensive ps command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/PS-Command-in-Linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/ps-command/)

## R

### read

With [read command](https://linuxhandbook.com/read-command/), you can make your bash script interactive by accepting user inputs.

[Linux Read Command: 6 Practical ExamplesWith read command, you can make your bash script interactive by accepting user inputs. Learn to use the read command in Linux with these practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/read_command_linux-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/read-command/)

### reboot

Reboot performs the actions of the halt command (explained below), requiring that all processing stop. Then instead of triggering the ACPI signal, your system is restarted.

[How to Reboot Linux From Command LineHere are various ways to reboot a Linux system from the command line.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/restart.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/command-rebooting-linux/)

### rename

Rename command can be used to [rename multiple files in Linux at once](https://linuxhandbook.com/rename-multiple-files/). 

[Rename Multiple Files at Once in Linux with Rename CommandRename command can be used to rename multiple files in Linux at once. Here are some practical scenarios in which you can use the rename command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/learn-linux-commands.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/rename-multiple-files/)

### rm

The rm command is used for removing files and directories in Linux.

[How to Remove Files and Directories in Linux Command LineLearn how to delete files and remove directories with rm command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/remove-files-directories-linux.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/remove-files-directories/)

### rsync

[Rsync](https://linuxhandbook.com/rsync-command-examples/) (Remote Sync) is a synchronization tool for copying files and directories in a system or between systems. Its most popular use case includes copying files between remote systems.

[15 Practical Examples of rsync Command in LinuxWondering how to use rsync command? This article lists some of the essential usages of the rsync command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux Handbookseeni![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/learn-linux-commands.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/rsync-command-examples/)

## S

### scp

Scp stands for secure copy but I like to think it as 'SSH copy'. Like rsync, scp is also used for copying files between remote systems.

[Using scp Command in Linux: 10 Practical Examples ExplainedHere are some practical and essential scp command example to show how to securely copy files between remote Linux systems.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/scp-command-linux.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/scp-command/)

### screen

The [screen command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/screen-command/) allows you to use multiple virtual terminals that can be saved by name and reopened using keyboard shortcuts.

[How to Use Linux Screen to Get Multiple TerminalsThe screen command in Linux allows you to use multiple virtual terminals that can be saved by name and reopened using keyboard shortcuts. Here’s how to use it.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/GNU-screen-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/screen-command/)

### sed

Sed is part of the Unix standard toolbox since the end of the 60s. As any text editor, it will help you to modify text files.

[Getting Started With SED Command \[Beginner’s Guide\]Learn to use one of the most powerful commands of the Unix toolbox: sed, the stream editor with practical examples of SED commands.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookSylvain Leroux![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/07/sed-commands-featured-1.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/sed-command-basics/)

### seq

The seq command, short for sequence, is used for printing a sequence of numbers. The numbers could be integers or real (with decimal points).

[Seq Command in Linux \[Explained With Examples\]Print a sequence of numbers with specified increment or format with seq command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/08/sequence.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/seq-command/)

### sleep

[Linux sleep command](https://linuxhandbook.com/bash-sleep/) is one of the simplest commands out there. As you can guess from the name, its only function is to sleep. In other words, it introduces a delay for a specified time.

[Bash Sleep Command Examples in LinuxThis tutorial shows you how to use sleep commands and its various options in bash scripts.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/linux-sleep-command.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/bash-sleep/)

### source

The source command is a handy utility that can be used to refresh environment variables among some other things.

[What is Source Command in Linux? How to Use it?The source command is a handy utility that can be used to refresh environment variables among some other things.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Source_Command_linux-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/source-command/)

### stat

You can get file permissions, size, mtime, ctime, atime, ownership and several other file attribute information [using the stat command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/stat-command/).

[Use Stat Command in Linux to Display File AttributesYou can get file permissions, size, mtime, ctime, atime, ownership and several other file attribute information using the stat command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/stat_command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/stat-command/)

## T

### tail

The [tail command](https://linuxhandbook.com/tail-command/) prints the last ten lines of the input files. The tail command is also used for reading log files in real time.

[5 Practical Examples of Tail Command in LinuxLearn the tail command syntax along with some practical examples of the tail command in Linux. This will also help you in monitoring the log files.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/tail-command-examples-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/tail-command/)

### tar

Tar is one of the most common tool used for archiving files in Linux.

[How to Create and Extract Tarballs in Linux Command LineTar is one of the most common tool used for archiving files in Linux. Learn how to create a tarball and how to extract it in the beginner’s tutorial.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Tar-Command-2.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/basic-tar-commands/)

### tee

The [tee command](https://linuxhandbook.com/tee-command/) reads from the standard input and writes to both standard output and files. The result is that you get to see your command’s output as well as save it to a file at the same time.

[Tee Command in Linux Explained with ExamplesIf you want to display the output of a command and save it to a file simultaneously, tee command is what you need. Learn various ways of using tee command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/tee-command.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/tee-command/)

### time

The [time command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/time-command/) measures how long a particular command or script runs.

[Check Command and Script Completion Time with Time CommandThe time command in Linux measures how long a particular command or script runs. Learn how to use this command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/time-command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/time-command/)

### timeout

With the timeout command you can set a time limit on running other commands and programs.

[Put a Timer on Running Commands With Timeout Command in LinuxWith the timeout command you can set a time limit on running other commands and programs. If the program runs longer than the set limit, timeout kills it. Learn how to use it.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/timeout-command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/timeout-command/)

### top

The top command provides a quick look at system resources and processes.

[How to Use the Top Command as Task Manager in LinuxThe top command provides a quick look at system resources and processes. You can also control it to use it as the task manager in Linux terminal.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/top-command.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/top-command/)

### touch

Touch command in Linux is used for changing [file timestamps](https://linuxhandbook.com/file-timestamps/) however one of the most common usages of touch command includes creating a new empty file.

[Touch Command in Linux: 9 Useful ExamplesLearn to use touch command in Linux with these useful and practical examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/touch-command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/touch-command/)

### tr

The [tr command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/tr-command/) is used to perform simple but useful translations of one set of characters into another.

[tr Command in Linux: 6 Useful ExamplesThe tr command in Linux is used to perform simple but useful translations of one set of characters into another. Learn some practical examples of the tr command.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/tr-command.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/tr-command/)

### type

The [type command](https://linuxhandbook.com/type-command/) tells you whether a Linux command is built-in shell command, where is its executable located and whether it is aliased to some other command.

[Use Type Command in Linux to Get More Info About CommandsThe type command tells you whether a Linux command is built-in shell command, where is its executable located and whether it is aliased to some other command. Here’s how to use the type command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/type-command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/type-command/)

## U

### ulimit

Ulimit is a built-in shell command designed to display, allocate, and limit resources.

[How to Use Ulimit Command in Linux \[Control System Resource\]Ulimit is a built-in shell command designed to display, allocate, and limit resources. Learn how to use the ulimit command in Linux.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/ulimit-command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/ulimit-command/)

### uname

You can get Linux kernel version and some other system information with the uname command in Linux.

[Using uname command in Linux \[Output Explained\]You can get Linux kernel version and some other system information with the uname command in Linux. Here’s how to use it.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/uname_command.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/uname/)

### uniq

The uniq command in Linux and Unix is used for removing duplicate lines from a file.

[Uniq Command in Unix and Linux: 7 Essential ExamplesThe uniq command in Linux and Unix is used for removing duplicate lines from a file. Learn how to use uniq command with these examples.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Uniq_Command-1.jpg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/uniq-command/)

### useradd

The useradd command lets a superuser create a new user account on Linux.

[How to Add New Users in Linux With Useradd CommandThe useradd command lets a superuser create a new user account on Linux. Here’s how to use the useradd command with various options.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/add-user-account-in-linux-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/useradd-command/)

### userdel

The userdel lets you delete an existing user.

[How to Delete Users in Ubuntu Linux With Userdel CommandIf you want to delete an existing user in Ubuntu or any other Linux distribution, you can use the userdel command in the terminal.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/delete-user-account-in-linux-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/userdel-command/)

### usermod

The usermod command in Linux allows you to modify a user account in various ways.

[8 Essential Examples of Usermod Command in LinuxThe usermod command in Linux allows you to modify a user account in various ways. Check out what settings you can modify in this tutorial.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/usermod_command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/usermod-command/)

## V

### vim

Vim is one of the most popular text editor in the Linux command line.

[Basic Vim Commands Every Linux User Must Know \[With PDF Cheat Sheet\]A comprehensive guide explaining basic vim commands that will be useful to any Linux user be it a sysadmin or a developer.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/basic-vim-command-guide-1.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/basic-vim-commands/)

## W

### watch

Watch is a great utility that automatically refreshes data. Some of the more common uses for this command involve monitoring system processes or logs, but it can be used in combination with pipes for more versatility.

[Watch Command in Linux: Essential ExamplesWatch is a great utility that automatically refreshes data. Some of the more common uses for this command involve monitoring system processes or logs, but it can be used in combination with pipes for more versatility.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookChristopher Murray![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/Watch_Command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/watch-command/)

### wc

The wc command displays statistical information about a file such as the number of lines, words, characters.

[WC Command Examples: Count Number of Lines, Words & CharactersSome practical examples of wc command in Linux to count the number of lines, words and characters of a text file.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/wc-command-examples-linux.jpeg)](https://linuxhandbook.com/wc-command/)

### which

which command is an extremely useful command for locating executable files located anywhere in the Linux system.

[Which Command in Linux \[Explained with Examples\]Linux which command is an extremely useful command for locating executable files located anywhere in the Linux system. Learn how to use it.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/which-command-linux.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/which-command/)

### who

The who command in Linux lists all logged-in users on the system.

[How to Use Who Command in LinuxThe who command in Linux lists all logged-in users on the system. Here’s how to use it to get various information about logged users.![](https://linuxhandbook.com/favicon.png)Linux HandbookAbhishek Prakash![](https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2020/06/who_command-1.png)](https://linuxhandbook.com/who-command/)

---

This is all for the moment. I'll add more commands as they get featured here.